URINALYSIS INTERPRETATION CHEAT SHEET 1. Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) โ Infection โช Meaning: Presence of white blood cells in the urine, also called pyuria โช Significance: Suggests a urinary tract infection or inflammation
๐ซ ๐๐๐ผ๐ถ๐ฑ ๐จ๐๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐๐ถ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ผ๐ณ๐น๐ผ๐ ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ป ๐๐ถ๐๐ต ๐๐ผ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฒ! โ As pharmacists, it's important we educate patients about ๐ฑ๐ฟ๐๐ด-๐ณ๐ผ๐ผ๐ฑ ๐ถ๐ป๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป๐โespecially the ones that are common but not widely known. One such interaction is between ๐๐ถ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ผ๐ณ๐น๐ผ๐ ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ป
๐ง๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ข๐ ๐๐๐ฃ๐๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฆ Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis) ๐ฃ Cause: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) ๐ฃ Transmission: Feco-oral route This means the virus is shed in feces and enters the body through ingestion (e.g.,
Pathophysiology of gastroenteritis The GI tract is remarkably efficient at fluid reabsorption. Normally, of the 1 to 2 L of fluid ingested orally and the 7 L that enter the
Clinical presentation of aluminum phosphide poisoning The clinical features of AlPhos poisoning depend on the route, the dose, and the interval between ingestion and presentation. Inhalation of phosphine is a
Antimicrobial mechanisms of action Antimicrobial agents are classified by their specific modes of action against bacterial cells. the modes of action of antimicrobial agents against Gram- positive and Gram-
Clinical Manifestations of Actinomycosis Actinomycosis results from pathogen introduction following a breakdown in mucocutaneous protective barriers. Spread within the host is by direct invasion of adjacent tissues, typically forming sinus tracts that
BCG Vaccine The BCG vaccine is a weakened bacterial vaccine, the only one of this type that is used in Kosovo. The vaccine is known as BCG based on what it
Monkey pox The first reported human case occurred in the Equateur province of Zaire (now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo [DRC]), when a 9-year-old boy developed a smallpox-like
Is HMPV like Covid-19? How concerned should we be? Fears of a Covid-19-style pandemic are overblown, experts said, noting that pandemics are usually caused by new pathogens, which is not the