𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗔𝗕𝗖𝗗𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗛𝗘𝗣𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗦

Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)

🟣 Cause: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)

🟣 Transmission: Feco-oral route

 This means the virus is shed in feces and enters the body through ingestion (e.g., contaminated food or water).

🟣 Risk factors: Poor sanitation, contaminated food/water, close contact with an infected person

🟣 Vaccine: Available

🟣 Chronic infection: No

🟣 Severity: Usually mild and self-limiting

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)

🔴 Cause: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

🔴 Transmission: Bodily fluids

 Blood, semen, vaginal fluids, saliva, from mother to baby during childbirth.

🔴 Risk factors: Unprotected sex, needle sharing, blood transfusion, healthcare exposure

🔴 Vaccine: Available

🔴 Chronic infection: Possible

🔴 Complications: Cirrhosis, liver cancer

Hepatitis C

🟡 Cause: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

🟡 Transmission: Blood

 Mainly through sharing needles or unscreened blood transfusion.

🟡 Risk factors: IV drug use, tattoos/piercings with non-sterile tools

🟡 Vaccine: None

🟡 Chronic infection: Very likely (more than 70 percent of cases)

🟡 Complications: Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma

🟡 Note: Often asymptomatic until liver damage is advanced

Hepatitis D

🔵 Cause: Hepatitis D Virus (HDV), a defective virus

🔵 Dependency: Requires Hepatitis B for replication and activation

🔵 Transmission: Same as HBV (blood and body fluids)

🔵 Risk factors: Co-infection or superinfection with HBV

🔵 Vaccine: No specific vaccine, but HBV vaccine prevents HDV

🔵 Chronic infection: Possible

🔵 Complications: More severe liver disease than HBV alone

Hepatitis E

🟤 Cause: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV)

🟤 Transmission: Feco-oral route (same as Hepatitis A)

🟤 Risk factors: Contaminated water in endemic areas

🟤 Vaccine: Available in some countries

🟤 Chronic infection: Rare (except in immunocompromised individuals)

🟤 Complications: Dangerous in pregnant women (can be fatal in third trimester)